The Earth Federation Forces suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Zeon at Loum, with even their commander-in-chief, General Revil, taken prisoner.
The Federation was forced to sign the Antarctic Treaty, but General Revil, the "defeated general of Loum" who signed on behalf of the Federation, "hated" Zeon.
As a result, the Federation Forces, which surpassed Zeon in material numbers but were inferior in technology, implemented a counterattack plan called "Operation V," proposed by Amuro's father, Tem Ray, which "centered on the newly introduced mobile suit, the Gundam, with the existing Guncannon and Guntank on either side."
This "Operation V" is also a key element in "GQuuuuuuX (Zeequ Axe)."

Operation V launched | 越後浪人's Gunpla works